INT322IH

  Flooring Three flooring framing systems are made of wood, steel, and concrete.  The type of wood floor framing is Light framing or Heavy timber framing. The difference between the two is that the light frame needs multiple wood joists in order to carry the load, while the Heavy timber frames rely on the columns and beams to help it carry the load. Wood floor framing Something that architects need to know is that when it comes to steel framing, it relies on where the columns are placed that help support the steel beams, and then they pour concrete on them to hold them in place. steel floor framing For concrete floor framing, the way it is installed is that it is poured in place on the site, but one must keep in mind that, in doing this method, once it is poured, it is not easy to remove or to change, since concrete dries up once it is poured in the hole for the floor framing. For the Int...

  Walls      The walls have three framing systems: stud walls, Concrete/Masonry Bearing Walls, and structural frame walls.  The stud walls are built with either Wood or Steel and have a standard size of 2x4 to 2x6, and the spacing between the studs is at 12", 16", or 24" on center. While concrete/masonry bearing walls are made of brick, stone, or reinforced cement, one challenge with this type of wall is the placement of electrical wiring, as structural frames are composed of various materials. residential wall structural Some of the traditional insulation used for walls includes batt, Cellulose, and rigid insulation. For example, alternative insulation can be made from recycled paper or recycled blue jeans.  The vapor barrier is installed on the warmer side of the wall, but its installation also depends on the climate in the building where it is located. Types of exterior ...

  Structural Systems 33334 There are three types of primary structures that help carry the wall load: bearing walls, stud walls, and structural frames. The structural systems basics are stability, economy, and strength and stiffness. The structural loads have to be able to withstand tension, compression, and deflection. There are various structural elements, such as posts, beams, and cables, that can be seen in bridges. Another structural form is trusses, arches, and shells. The first structural system used was made of heavy timber. Today, the materials used for taller buildings are a combination of wood and steel. For homes, the types of materials used include wood, masonry, and concrete bearing walls. structural steel frame Alternative Systems Earth-Sheltered structural system benefits are...

 Site Considerations The site process is the management's responsibility, as stated by the Architect; they need to focus on what includes a landscape architect, an interior designer, and a civil engineer. The site has a significant impact on the interior's appearance, including the direction of the sun, wind, views, and the placement of outdoor rooms. The direction of the sun affects the interior because of the windows placed and how much natural light can enter the space, which can help people moving into the space not use too much electricity, which can help them save more money for other necessities. The external views also play a part in window placement, and if an interior designer is brought in early on during the design process, they can have a say in where the windows are placed, which can help people gain more natural light in the place without having much glare. The type of roof material that an ar...

  Holistic Approach  One of the theories of sustainability is ecological design, which is "  Integrating the built world and the natural world," which talks about ways of merging the two concepts together, such as humanity and Nature, which is a way to be sustainable. The circle diagram shows that it can be connected to the environment and social sections that are a part of sustainability, and this is part of one of the Hannover principles that were made by William McDonough. The third-party rating has 9 points, the first being the Forest Stewardship Council  and Scientific Certification Systems (SCS), and Sustainable Forest Initiative (SFI)  The second party is Carpet and Rug Institute (CRI) is an example of a second party that an industry Provides it own certification of their own products. An important team member to have is a LEED who is a accredited professional who had passed their LEED exam adimisteat by the Green Building Council of the US since they are...